A massacre The Trail of Tears - Free Essay Example

The Cherokee tribe is a very unique tribe because despite all the events they went through because of foreigners, they were able to stay united and maintained major parts of their culture. The people in the native american tribe usually had high cheekbones, brownish and reddish skin tone, dark hair, and last but not least a bent nose. Their ability to adapt has let them survive until the 21st century. The Trail of Tears, was the act of a relocation of the american indian tribe the Cherokee Indians. They were being moved from the southeast to Indian Territory. The Cherokee tribe was very big at one point, they would control the whole east coast at their peak. By the time of the independence the cherokee had immensely shrunken down. The Cherokee tribe called this event Nunna daul Tsuny which translates to Trail where we cried. They suffered from mistreatment from soldiers, inadequate or no food, diseases, the loss of their homes, and weather. The trail of tears was perhaps a product of the westward expansion. Andrew Jacksons indian removal process, forced the Cherokee tribe to leave their land near the mississippi river to travel by foot all the way to present day Oklahoma. Before westward expansion, the native american people were seen as second-class citizens, meaning that they are not equal to the white people. Because they are seen as second-class citizens the settlers thought that they were better than them and that it justifies theyre inhumane treatment towards them. The status of the native american was seen as if they are inferior to the whites and because of that the whites also thought that since they are inferior to us we can steal their land, kill them, change their culture, and use their resources and land to our benefit. Throughout the trail of tears that lasted around 2 months, the native americans were being mistreated, did not have anything to eat or drink, a lot of them got infected with diseases like sm allpox, malaria, measles, cholera, whooping cough, influenza, pneumonia. Around 4,000 cherokee tribe members died through the trail of tears, the young, elderly, and weak were the first ones to die, not many were able to make it out alive. The Cherokee tribe was forced to immigrate to new land. A lot of their people died, unjustly and with no reasons. The Dawes act forced the native americans to leave their religion, language, homes, and they culture. The native americans were forced to follow the religion, educational system, culture of the white people. The cherokee tribe went to the supreme court to present their case. The supreme courts response was that since they were a nation they could not do anything against the laws passed in the state of Georgia which were implying to relocate them. John Ross spoke to by far most of the Cherokee and had their total help. With settlers moving into the Cherokee land, Ross comprehended that creating an arrangement for the land with the United States was his best choice, since he was in danger of losing the land to Georgia. In mid 1835 he needed to deed a segment of the land to the United States for a measure of cash to be dictated by Congress, with whatever remains of the pro perty deeded to the Cherokee proprietors. The staying point on the Ross bargain was the necessity that the United States and the territory of Georgia perceive Cherokee citizenship, including the privilege to cast a ballot and hold political office. Neither Georgia or the United States could consent this. Today the Eastern Band (North Carolina) includes about 11,000 people, while the Cherokee Nation in Oklahoma claims more than 10,000 people. The Cherokee people as a whole were known for being noble,

4 Mistakes the College Board Made Regarding the June SAT

I want to preface my criticism by acknowledging that College Board and ETS took what was a horrible situation — and that was their own doing, mind you — and made it better than it might have been. At the end of the day, the same cannot be said of any number of corporate mistakes. And yet Most well-advised companies have learned a PR protocol for dealing with â€Å"disasters† — tainted food, product recalls, CEO meltdowns. College Board apparently missed many of those lessons. 1) Take Responsibility When reports first started developing, College Board only put a small blurb on its website that it was investigating the problem and, essentially, putting all of the blame on ETS. On Monday, the release was updated to glibly minimize the problem and act as if College Board had been prepared for this all along. And it still kept the finger pointed at ETS. Students don’t care about blame; they care about scores and college applications. Emphasizing the role of ETS served to minimize College Board’s control over the SAT — not a good thing when it is making the most dramatic overhaul in 75 years. Pretending that the SAT was constructed to handle just this sort of doomsday scenario was tone deaf and implied that College Board had been over-testing students by a third for decades. 2) Put Senior Executives Out Front Unsigned web posts and grudging statements from communication directors imply that the College Board did not take the issue seriously — an issue that impacts almost 500,000 testers! If College Board President David Coleman can’t be bothered to address the problem, what more important tasks is he working on? 3) Solutions, not Spin Explain why the mistake happened, what steps have been taken to prevent it in the future, and what solutions are being offered. To its credit, College Board did come out with a partial solution on Monday. It did not handle everything well and did not think through the obvious follow-up questions from students — Will these scores hurt me? Can I cancel the scores? Can I retake the test for free? Have you surveyed your college membership to make sure that they’ll accept my scores? College Board has yet to provide any hard data to back up its claims. Spin also created an obvious  dissonance. College Board was quick to trumpet the fact that the multi-section structure of the SAT saved the day. One can almost hear the movie trailer voice in the statement that test administrations can be fragile, so our assessments are not.    College Board  was probably a little too quick to trumpet that fact. The redesigned SAT — the one that they have been heavily promoting and that will arrive in March 2016 — is not based on a multi-section structure, and cross-domain scores mean that sections are inter-dependent. One printing error on the new SAT and everything has to be wiped clean. It could be argued that the simpler structure — also in use by the ACT — will be less confusing and less prone to printing errors. The idea that the College Board had an extra section in reserve is unsupported by any evidence. Nowhere in the original construction documents, decades of research, multiple technical manuals, and specifications for several test re-workings can I find any mention of superfluous questions added to make the test resilient to fire drills and power outages to mistiming and disruptive behavior. Creating hundreds of extra questions is expensive. Printing and shipping costs would go up. And proctoring and other administrative costs would be much higher. In short, College Board and ETS would have been spending millions of dollars each year to protect against a once-in-a-lifetime event. 4) Don’t let rumors and opponents take the lead. Get ahead of the story. Rumors and fear swept through online forums and social media while the College Board remained mum. It has been in catch-up mode throughout the incident. College Board is compounding its pain by responding in bits and pieces. The error impacted 1 section. The error impacted 2 sections. Students might receive a free October test. They might not. They will. College Board kept referring back to a changing web post rather than explaining things fully to their audience. Not once has College Board tweeted any information about the situation. Every delay or change in the story hands a megaphone to SAT opponents such as Bob Schaeffer at FairTest. It must have left some folks at the ACT headquarters in Iowa City sniggering. Earlier this spring ACT put out a piece extolling its own long-term consistency and making a not-even-thinly-veiled attack on the new SAT’s radical redo and the tests previous revisions and score recentering. The title of the ACT piece sounds prophetic in retrospect: Why Scores on the ACT Test Are Scores You Can Trust. The fact is that this sort of printing error could have happened to ACT or Pearson or ETS, and no testing company is setup to deal with the scope of what developed on June 6. It happened to the SAT, though, and College Board needs to be the one addressing it fully. Want to learn how students should respond to mishaps on test day? We have come up with six strategies that every student should know.